Sparks Brain Preservation
A Non-profit Organization

Research

This page lists published research projects that our researchers contributed to.

 

McKenzie, A. T., Nnadi, O., Slagell, K. D., Thorn, E. L., Farrell, K., & Crary, J. F. (2024). Fluid preservation in brain banking: A review. Free Neuropathology, 5, 10. https://doi.org/10.17879/freeneuropathology-2024-5373.

 

McKenzie, A. T., Thorn, E. L., Nnadi, O., Wróbel, B., Kendziorra, E., Farrell, K., & Crary, J. F. (2024). Cryopreservation of brain cell structure: A review. Free Neuropathology, 5, 35. https://doi.org/10.17879/freeneuropathology-2024-5883.

 

McKenzie, A. T., Zeleznikow-Johnston, A., Sparks, J. S., Nnadi, O., Smart, J., Wiley, K., Cerullo, M. A., de Wolf, A., Minerva, F., Risco, R., Church, G. M., de Magalhães, J. P., & Kendziorra, E. F. (2024). Structural brain preservation: A potential bridge to future medical technologies. Frontiers in Medical Technology, 6, 1400615. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmedt.2024.1400615.

 

McKenzie, A. T., Wowk, B., Arkhipov, A., Wróbel, B., Cheng, N., & Kendziorra, E. F. (2024). Biostasis: A roadmap for research in preservation and potential revival of humans. Brain Sciences, 14(9), 942. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci14090942.

 

Garrood, M., Thorn, E. L., Goldstein, A., Sowa, A., Janssen, W., Wilson, A., López, C. S., Shankar, R., Stempinski, E. S., Farrell, K., Crary, J. F., & McKenzie, A. T. (2025). Preservation of cellular structure via immersion fixation in brain banking. Free Neuropathology, 6, 4. https://doi.org/10.17879/freeneuropathology-2025-6104.

 

McKenzie, A. T., Keberle, A., Minerva, F., Zeleznikow-Johnston, A., & Harrow, J. (2025). The right to immediate preservation: addressing legal barriers due to death investigation. Forensic Sciences, 5(2), 16. https://doi.org/10.3390/forensicsci5020016.

 

Zeleznikow-Johnston, A., Kendziorra, E. F., & McKenzie, A. T. (2025). What are memories made of? A survey of neuroscientists on the structural basis of long-term memory. PloS One, 20(6), e0326920. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0326920

 

Garrood, M., Keberle, A., Sowa, A., Janssen, W., Thorn, E. L., Sanctis, C. D., Farrell, K., Crary, J. F., & McKenzie, A. T. (2025). Evaluating ultrastructural preservation quality in banked brain tissue. Free Neuropathology, 6, 13. https://doi.org/10.17879/freeneuropathology-2025-6763

 

McKenzie, A. T., Cerullo, M., Farahani, N., Sparks, J. S., Londoño, T., de Wolf, A., Dziennis, S., Wróbel, B., German, A., Kendziorra, E. F., de Magalhães, J. P., Cho, W., Perry, R. M., & More, M. (2025). Practitioner forecasts of technological progress in biostasis. ArXiv:2507.17274 [q-Bio:NC]. http://arxiv.org/abs/2507.17274


Garrood, M., Keberle, A., Taylor, G. A., Thorn, E. L., Sanctis, C. D., Farrell, K., Crary, J. F., Sparks, J. S., & McKenzie, A. T. (2025). Mechanical perfusion in brain banking: Methods of assessment and relationship to the postmortem interval. Free Neuropathology, 6, 20. https://doi.org/10.17879/freeneuropathology-2025-8880

 

Zeleznikow-Johnston, A., Kendziorra, E. F., & McKenzie, A. T. (2026). Physician estimates of the feasibility of preserving the dying for future revival. PLoS One, 21(5), e0348216. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0348216

Wolf, M., Beck, A., Paredes, L., Darcy, S., Parra, A., Taylor, G. A., Garrood, M., Thorn, E. L., De Sanctis, C., Crary, J. F., Farrell, K., & McKenzie, A. T. (2026). Brain extraction for fixed tissue banking: a technical report. Free Neuropathology, 7, 11. https://doi.org/10.17879/freeneuropathology-2026-9411